See false friend in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "jiǎpéngyou",
"word": "假朋友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "jiǎyǒu",
"word": "假友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "偽友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "伪友"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "faux-ami"
},
"expansion": "Calque of French faux-ami",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais"
},
"expansion": "Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of French faux-ami, from the longer phrase faux amis du traducteur (“false friends of a translator”), first used by Maxime Kœssler and Jules Derocquigny in 1928 in their book Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais (False Friends, or the Pitfalls of the English Vocabulary).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "false friends",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "false friend (plural false friends)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"orig": "en:Lexicography",
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"name": "Linguistics",
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},
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"name": "Translation studies",
"orig": "en:Translation studies",
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},
{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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{
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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{
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"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
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"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
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{
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"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
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"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "82 18",
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{
"_dis": "85 15",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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{
"_dis": "81 19",
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"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
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{
"_dis": "81 19",
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"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
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{
"_dis": "81 19",
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{
"_dis": "87 13",
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{
"_dis": "83 17",
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{
"_dis": "83 17",
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{
"_dis": "83 17",
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"_dis": "81 19",
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"_dis": "83 17",
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],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "true friend"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
27
]
],
"text": "A word and its false friend may well be etymologically related: in such cases semantic shifts have made them drift apart.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A word in a language that bears a deceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning."
],
"id": "en-false_friend-en-noun-bZfVRpBl",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"translation studies",
"translation studies"
],
[
"lexicography",
"lexicography"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, translation studies, lexicography) A word in a language that bears a deceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faux ami"
},
{
"word": "false cousin"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"lexicography",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"translation-studies"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "miku i rremë"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "šibh naẓīr",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِبْه نَظِير"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "sut barekam",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "սուտ բարեկամ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pamylkóvy sjábar",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "памылко́вы ся́бар"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"note": "памылко́вы ся́бар перакла́дчыка m (pamylkóvy sjábar pjerakládčyka, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "falʹšývy sjábar",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фальшы́вы ся́бар"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "falšív prijátel",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фалши́в прия́тел"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fals amic"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "偽友 /伪友"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假友"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎděngyì",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假等義 /假等义"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎpéngyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假朋友"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "tóxíngyìyìcí",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "同形异义词"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falešný přítel"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "falsk ven"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valse vriend"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "falsa amiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "virvasõna"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "riskisana"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faux-ami"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "cru megobari",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "ცრუ მეგობარი"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falscher Freund"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Übersetzungsfalle"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "psevdófilos",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ψευδόφιλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "jhūṭhā dost",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "झूठा दोस्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "hamis barát"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "álbarát"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsvinur"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "svikatengsl"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "teman palsu"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "false amico"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara bréige"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amico"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "いつわりのとも",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "itsuwari no tomo",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "偽りの友"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "そらにことば",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sorani kotoba",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "空似言葉"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "geojit chin'gu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "거짓 친구"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "geojitjjak",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "거짓짝"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsus amicus"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viltusdraugs"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "netikras draugas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "lažen prijatel",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лажен пријател"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk venn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk ven"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk venn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"lang_code": "fa-ira",
"roman": "vâže-ye faribkâr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "واژِهٔ فَریبْکار"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "fałszywy przyjaciel"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fałszywy przyjaciel tłumacza"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heterossemântico"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten fals"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "lóžnyj drug",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ло́жный друг"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"note": "ло́жный друг перево́дчика m (lóžnyj drug perevódčika, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "лажни пријатељ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lažni prijatelj"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falošný priateľ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lažni prijatelj"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heterosemántico"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "falsk vän"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "pʉ̂ʉan-tiiam",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "เพื่อนเทียม"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "pʉ̂ʉan-tét",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "เพื่อนเท็จ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "yanlış arkadaşı"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "sahte arkadaş"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "xýbnyj druh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хи́бний друг"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"note": "хи́бний друг перекладача́ m (xýbnyj druh perekladačá, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "falʹšývyj druh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фальши́вий друг"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"roman": "jhūṭā dost",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُھوٹا دوسْت"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "tarjimonning soxta doʻst"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfaill gau"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gau-gyfaill"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see false, friend."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"word": "partial false friend"
}
],
"id": "en-false_friend-en-noun-G-Wfi4rS",
"links": [
[
"false",
"false#English"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"word": "lists of false friends in various languages"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"word": "cognate"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"english": "not to be confused",
"translation": "not to be confused",
"word": "false cognate"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"english": "both with intralanguage relevance",
"translation": "both with intralanguage relevance",
"word": "misnomer and phantonym"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɔːls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"note": "without the cot–caught merger",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɑls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Atlantic-Canada",
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-false friend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/En-us-false_friend.ogg/En-us-false_friend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/En-us-false_friend.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfoːls ˈfɹend/",
"tags": [
"Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-false friend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-au-false_friend.ogg/En-au-false_friend.ogg.mp3",
"note": "Queensland",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-au-false_friend.ogg"
}
],
"word": "false friend"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Iranian Persian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "jiǎpéngyou",
"word": "假朋友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "jiǎyǒu",
"word": "假友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"word": "偽友"
},
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"word": "伪友"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "faux-ami"
},
"expansion": "Calque of French faux-ami",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais"
},
"expansion": "Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais",
"name": "lang"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of French faux-ami, from the longer phrase faux amis du traducteur (“false friends of a translator”), first used by Maxime Kœssler and Jules Derocquigny in 1928 in their book Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais (False Friends, or the Pitfalls of the English Vocabulary).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "false friends",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "false friend (plural false friends)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "partial false friend"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lists of false friends in various languages"
},
{
"word": "cognate"
},
{
"english": "not to be confused",
"translation": "not to be confused",
"word": "false cognate"
},
{
"english": "both with intralanguage relevance",
"translation": "both with intralanguage relevance",
"word": "misnomer and phantonym"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Lexicography",
"en:Linguistics",
"en:Translation studies"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "true friend"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
27
]
],
"text": "A word and its false friend may well be etymologically related: in such cases semantic shifts have made them drift apart.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A word in a language that bears a deceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"translation studies",
"translation studies"
],
[
"lexicography",
"lexicography"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, translation studies, lexicography) A word in a language that bears a deceptive resemblance to a word in another language but in fact has a different meaning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faux ami"
},
{
"word": "false cousin"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"lexicography",
"linguistics",
"sciences",
"translation-studies"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see false, friend."
],
"links": [
[
"false",
"false#English"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɒls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɔːls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɔls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"note": "without the cot–caught merger",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfɑls ˈfɹɛnd/",
"tags": [
"Atlantic-Canada",
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-false friend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/En-us-false_friend.ogg/En-us-false_friend.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/En-us-false_friend.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌfoːls ˈfɹend/",
"tags": [
"Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-false friend.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-au-false_friend.ogg/En-au-false_friend.ogg.mp3",
"note": "Queensland",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-au-false_friend.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "miku i rremë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "šibh naẓīr",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِبْه نَظِير"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "sut barekam",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "սուտ բարեկամ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pamylkóvy sjábar",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "памылко́вы ся́бар"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"note": "памылко́вы ся́бар перакла́дчыка m (pamylkóvy sjábar pjerakládčyka, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "falʹšývy sjábar",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фальшы́вы ся́бар"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "falšív prijátel",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фалши́в прия́тел"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fals amic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "wěiyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "偽友 /伪友"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假友"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎděngyì",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假等義 /假等义"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiǎpéngyǒu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "假朋友"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "tóxíngyìyìcí",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "同形异义词"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falešný přítel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "falsk ven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valse vriend"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "falsa amiko"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "virvasõna"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "riskisana"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "faux-ami"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "cru megobari",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "ცრუ მეგობარი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falscher Freund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Übersetzungsfalle"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "psevdófilos",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ψευδόφιλος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "jhūṭhā dost",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "झूठा दोस्त"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "hamis barát"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "álbarát"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsvinur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "svikatengsl"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "teman palsu"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "false amico"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cara bréige"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amico"
},
{
"alt": "いつわりのとも",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "itsuwari no tomo",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "偽りの友"
},
{
"alt": "そらにことば",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sorani kotoba",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "空似言葉"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "geojit chin'gu",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "거짓 친구"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "geojitjjak",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "거짓짝"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsus amicus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viltusdraugs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "netikras draugas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "lažen prijatel",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лажен пријател"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk venn"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk ven"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falsk venn"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"lang_code": "fa-ira",
"roman": "vâže-ye faribkâr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "واژِهٔ فَریبْکار"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "fałszywy przyjaciel"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fałszywy przyjaciel tłumacza"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heterossemântico"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten fals"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "lóžnyj drug",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ло́жный друг"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"note": "ло́жный друг перево́дчика m (lóžnyj drug perevódčika, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "лажни пријатељ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lažni prijatelj"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falošný priateľ"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lažni prijatelj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falso amigo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heterosemántico"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "falsk vän"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "pʉ̂ʉan-tiiam",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "เพื่อนเทียม"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"roman": "pʉ̂ʉan-tét",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "เพื่อนเท็จ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "yanlış arkadaşı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "sahte arkadaş"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "xýbnyj druh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хи́бний друг"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"note": "хи́бний друг перекладача́ m (xýbnyj druh perekladačá, literally “translator's false friend”)",
"sense": "type of word"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "falʹšývyj druh",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фальши́вий друг"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"roman": "jhūṭā dost",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جُھوٹا دوسْت"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "type of word",
"word": "tarjimonning soxta doʻst"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfaill gau"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "type of word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gau-gyfaill"
}
],
"word": "false friend"
}
Download raw JSONL data for false friend meaning in English (15.6kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "false friend/English/noun: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"lang_code\": \"be\", \"note\": \"памылко́вы ся́бар перакла́дчыка m (pamylkóvy sjábar pjerakládčyka, literally “translator's false friend”)\", \"sense\": \"type of word\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "false friend",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "false friend/English/noun: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"lang_code\": \"ru\", \"note\": \"ло́жный друг перево́дчика m (lóžnyj drug perevódčika, literally “translator's false friend”)\", \"sense\": \"type of word\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "false friend",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "false friend/English/noun: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"lang_code\": \"uk\", \"note\": \"хи́бний друг перекладача́ m (xýbnyj druh perekladačá, literally “translator's false friend”)\", \"sense\": \"type of word\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "false friend",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.